Sqlmock

sqlmock是一个实现 数据库测试的Mock库，它不需要建立真正的数据库就可以测试CRUD一些操作，很方便

go get github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock

案例

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package main

import "database/sql"

// recordStats 记录用户浏览产品信息
func recordStats(db *sql.DB, userID, productID int64) (err error) {
	// 开启事务
	// 操作views和product_viewers两张表
	tx, err := db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	defer func() {
		switch err {
		case nil:
			err = tx.Commit()
		default:
			tx.Rollback()
		}
	}()

	// 更新products表
	if _, err = tx.Exec("UPDATE products SET views = views + 1"); err != nil {
		return
	}
	// product_viewers表中插入一条数据
	if _, err = tx.Exec(
		"INSERT INTO product_viewers (user_id, product_id) VALUES (?, ?)",
		userID, productID); err != nil {
		return
	}
	return
}

func main() {
	// 注意：测试的过程中并不需要真正的连接
	db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root@/blog")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer db.Close()
	// userID为1的用户浏览了productID为5的产品
	if err = recordStats(db, 1 /*some user id*/, 5 /*some product id*/); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

编写测试代码

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package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock"
)

// TestShouldUpdateStats sql执行成功的测试用例
func TestShouldUpdateStats(t *testing.T) {
	// mock一个*sql.DB对象，不需要连接真实的数据库
	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("an error '%s' was not expected when opening a stub database connection", err)
	}
	defer db.Close()

	// mock执行指定SQL语句时的返回结果
	mock.ExpectBegin()
	mock.ExpectExec("UPDATE products").WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
	mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO product_viewers").WithArgs(2, 3).WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
	mock.ExpectCommit()

	// 将mock的DB对象传入我们的函数中
	if err = recordStats(db, 2, 3); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("error was not expected while updating stats: %s", err)
	}

	// 确保期望的结果都满足,覆盖率xx
	if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("there were unfulfilled expectations: %s", err)
	}
}

// TestShouldRollbackStatUpdatesOnFailure sql执行失败回滚的测试用例
func TestShouldRollbackStatUpdatesOnFailure(t *testing.T) {
	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("an error '%s' was not expected when opening a stub database connection", err)
	}
	defer db.Close()

	mock.ExpectBegin()
	mock.ExpectExec("UPDATE products").WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
	mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO product_viewers").
		WithArgs(2, 3).
		WillReturnError(fmt.Errorf("some error"))
	mock.ExpectRollback()

	// now we execute our method
	if err = recordStats(db, 2, 3); err == nil {
		t.Errorf("was expecting an error, but there was none")
	}

	// we make sure that all expectations were met
	if err := mock.ExpectationsWereMet(); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("there were unfulfilled expectations: %s", err)
	}
}

运行后

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❯ go test -v
=== RUN   TestShouldUpdateStats
--- PASS: TestShouldUpdateStats (0.00s)
=== RUN   TestShouldRollbackStatUpdatesOnFailure
--- PASS: TestShouldRollbackStatUpdatesOnFailure (0.00s)
PASS

总结： 其实就是官方案例，有兴趣去看官方案例

miniRedis

miniRedis是一个纯go实现的用于单元测试的redis server。它是一个简单易用的、基于内存的redis替代品，它具有真正的TCP接口.

import “github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2”

被测试代码

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package sqlT

import (
	"context"
	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

const (
	KeyValidWebsite = "app:valid:website:list"
)

func DoSomethingWithRedis(rdb *redis.Client, key string) bool {
	// 这里可以是对redis操作的一些逻辑
	ctx := context.TODO()
	if !rdb.SIsMember(ctx, KeyValidWebsite, key).Val() {
		return false
	}
	val, err := rdb.Get(ctx, key).Result()
	if err != nil {
		return false
	}
	if !strings.HasPrefix(val, "https://") {
		val = "https://" + val
	}
	// 设置 blog key 五秒过期
	if err := rdb.Set(ctx, "blog", val, 5*time.Second).Err(); err != nil {
		return false
	}
	return true
}

测试代码

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package sqlT

import (
    "github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
    "testing"
    "time"
)
import "github.com/alicebob/miniredis/v2"

func TestDoSomethingWithRedis(t *testing.T) {
    s := miniredis.RunT(t)

    s.Set("key", "value")
    s.SAdd(KeyValidWebsite, "key")

    rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
       Addr: s.Addr(),
    })

    if !DoSomethingWithRedis(rdb, "key") {
       t.Error("DoSomethingWithRedis failed")
    }

    if got, err := s.Get("blog"); err != nil || got != "https://value" {
       t.Error("DoSomethingWithRedis failed")
    }

    s.FastForward(5 * time.Second) // 快进五秒
    if s.Exists("blog") {
       t.Error("DoSomethingWithRedis failed")
    }
}

output:

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=== RUN   TestDoSomethingWithRedis
--- PASS: TestDoSomethingWithRedis (0.01s)
PASS

Process finished with the exit code 0

总结

多看文档